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Now, IIS7 is not installed by default, and the default IIS configuration only serves static files with anonymous authentication.

It does not serve CGI, ISAPI, ASP, ASP.Net, PHP, Perl, etc -- nothing other than static HTML. This is the secure "default" configuration.

Turning on Asp.Net on IIS.7 is very easy:

Open Control Panel --> Programs and Features --> Turn Windows Features on or off --> Internet Information Services --> World Wide Web Services --> Application Development Features --> ASP.Net <-- check here

This steps were not required on previous versions of IIS.

More details here.